‘If we compare land animas in respect to magnitude, with
those that take up their abode in the deep, we shall find they will appear
contemptible in the comparison. The whale is doubtless the largest animal in
creation.” (Goldsmith, Nat. His.)
There
are several names or titles in American culture that are universally known.
Agree or disagree, they are historically embedded in our minds. Baseball is
America’s past time. The Dallas Cowboys are “America’s Team.” Moby Dick is The
Great American Novel. Sure, not everyone is going to agree with this. Some
people might feel that football is much more suited for the title “America’s
past time.” There are certainly enough people who despise the Dallas Cowboys,
and strongly disagree that they are America’s Team. Undoubtedly there are
people who disagree that Moby Dick is The Great American Novel. Even so, it has
been known as this for years, and will go down in literary history. Much like
the whale is “doubtless the largest animal in creation”, Moby Dick is implied to be the greatest novel in creation. In
relation to the quote, if we compare all other books in history to Moby
Dick, they will appear contemptible in the
comparison. Moby Dick is doubtless the greatest novel in American literature.
Through
this reference, I think that Melville was prefacing the importance the whale,
and thus the importance of his novel. Though he is only mentioning the size of
the whale, stating a fact that it is the largest animal in creation, he is
implying something greater. His point of using these extracts is to stress the
importance of the whale, and further more the importance of the novel in
literary history. Whales are not something that I think about often, and I
don’t place much importance on them. When thinking of literary whale
references, I probably would have stopped after remembering Moby Dick centered around a whale. And yet, Melville was able
to compile thirteen pages filled with literary and scientific references about
whales. Eighty-two sources where whales are mentioned, ranging from Paradise
Lost to the New England Primer, to Hamlet and even Darwin’s Voyage of a
Naturalist. “In addition to its historical and geographical scope, ‘‘Extracts’’
also introduces the Bakhtinian, multiformal character of Moby-Dick, in as much
as it represents all manner of forms or ‘‘stylistic unities,’’ literary and
non-literary, poetic and scientific, travelogue, oratory, law, and so on.13 These
various forms—combining the sublime (as in The Faerie Queene excerpt [4]) and
the mundane or commonplace (as in Cuvier’s ‘‘The whale is a mammiferous animal
without hind feet’’ [7])—proliferate throughout the novel, forming, as the
‘‘higher unity of the work’’(Bakhtin 262) a sprawling image of the world,
including, of course, the literary world of these forms.” (Novel Beginnings in
Moby Dick.) Well, maybe whales are more important than I previously thought.
“Moby-Dick,
through its very excess, through its ‘‘outreaching comprehensiveness of sweep’’
(‘‘The Fossil Whale’’ 478), announces in its opening pages that it is not, and
cannot be, the representative American national narrative that it has become
for many; rather, it is a cartography of a world of ambiguity, within which the
American imperium and American national narrative (with its representative national
subject) are subsumed.” (Novel Beginnings in Moby Dick.) Many books contain a
preface to the novel, which basically states the general purpose of the novel.
The fact that Melville gives no explanation and instead simply references
eighty-two sources says a lot. It says that Moby Dick is going to build upon all of these literary sources.
This is quite the grand claim. Melville is not simply building upon a statement
such as, “Whales are large,” or “Whales are important.” Instead, he is
encompassing hundreds of years of previous literature into one novel. This
implies that the literary importance of the eighty-two sources is combined into
one book: Moby Dick. With the
base of Shakespeare, Darwin, Hamlet and Milton, how could Moby Dick not be The Greatest American Novel? After considering this, it seems to become less and less a matter of opinion, and more a cold hard fact. The whale is the largest animal in creation. Moby Dick is the greatest novel ever written.
SOURCES
Tally, Robert T. "Anti-Ishmael: Novel Beginnings In
Moby-Dick." LIT: Literature Interpretation Theory 18.1 (2007): 1-19.
Academic Search Premier. Web. 28 Feb. 2012.
The first paragraph is overwrought - too much repetition, especially given that MD has competition (Huckleberry Finn is probably even more widely regarded as *the* great American novel, I'd argue, although this is partially a High School vs. College thing).
ReplyDeleteThe next two paragraphs are vague and underdeveloped. I think what you're arguing, really, is that Melville is creating his novel *as* the Great American Novel partially through using the whale itself to represent the novel. If you're arguing something like that, though, you beat around the bush without quite getting there.
What's lacking here is *your* focus - the extract which interests you, or bothers you, and from which you want to work. There's nothing wrong in principle with talking about the extracts as a whole, but you don't really get anywhere by doing that - you would have been better off starting small and working up to the big claims through the particulars.